冲绳海槽轴线地质特征   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10  

杨文达  王振宇  曾久岭 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2001,21(2):1-6

冲绳海槽位于东海大陆架与琉球岛弧之间，海槽中发育着一系列平行轴向延伸的地堑型正断层。穿越海槽的地震剖面证实了海槽扩张中心的存在，扩张轴沿海槽轴线方向延伸。由于地堑构造中心的扩张速率较大，由某引起的海槽中心下陷的速率大于沉积作用的补偿速率，使海槽中心海底出现明显的下陷。在轴线的大陆坡一侧，陆源沉积占绝对优势；轴线的岛坡一侧，以火山坡碎屑、浮岩、有孔虫软泥为沉积特征。  相似文献   

Investigation on the Deposition in an Excavated Trough at the East Shore of Jiaozhou Bay, China     

Zhang Jinshan Yu Guohua Research Engineer  River  Harbour Department  Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute  Nanjing Research Senior Engineer  River  Harbour Department  Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute  Nanjing 《中国海洋工程》1995,(3)

- Based on field investigations, this paper analyzes three types of harbour basinns and navigation channel excavated on seabed in Jiaozhou Bay, get a general rule of deposition for excavated trough, it found that pollution is one of crucial factors resulting in the deposition of the excavated trough in the east shore of Jiaozhou Bay. With these results, it predicted the annual deposition thickness for the excavated trough and disclosed the fact that it can't be deposited deadly during one storm. At the same time, with two-dimensional numerical model, it studied the effects of the excavated trough and the reclamation near shore on tidal cureent and said that the excavated trough can decrease the current velocity passing through the trough about 10- 15%, but only limited inside and near the trough and there are no effect on other regions; reclamation can cut off the pollution sources and no obvious effect on the currents of the Jiaozhou Bay. Connecting the deep trough and Cangkou tidal channel with a new  相似文献   

台风"杜鹃"影响期间福建大风天气的特点及成因   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

凌士兵  高珊  刘铭 《台湾海峡》2005,24(1):15-21

台风“杜鹃”影响期间，福建大风天气出现的比较早，而且范围比较大．本文通过对天气尺度的环境场、具有代表性的单站资料的对比分析，寻求大风出现的原因．还深入利用MM5模式对台风的气压场、风场、流场等进行数值模拟，分析结果表明台湾地形倒槽的形成对此次大风天气出现有着重要的作用，此外从流场分型的角度进一步分析台湾地形倒槽的形成原因．  相似文献   

Deep ocean fluxes and their link to surface ocean processes and the biological pump     

T. Rixen  M.V.S. Guptha  V. Ittekkot 《Progress in Oceanography》2005,65(2-4):240

Intense studies of upper and deep ocean processes were carried out in the Northwestern Indian Ocean (Arabian Sea) within the framework of JGOFS and related projects in order to improve our understanding of the marine carbon cycle and the ocean’s role as a reservoir for atmospheric CO₂. The results show a pronounced monsoon-driven seasonality with enhanced organic carbon fluxes into the deep-sea during the SW Monsoon and during the early and late NE Monsoon north of 10°N. The productivity is mainly regulated by inputs of nutrients from subsurface waters into the euphotic zone via upwelling and mixed layer-deepening. Deep mixing introduces light limitation by carrying photoautotrophic organisms below the euphotic zone during the peak of the NE Monsoon. Nevertheless, deep mixing and strong upwelling during the SW Monsoon provide an ecological advantage for diatoms over other photoautotrophic organisms by increasing the silica concentrations in the euphotic zone. When silica concentrations fall below 2 μmol l⁻¹, diatoms lose their dominance in the plankton community. During diatom-dominated blooms, the biological pathway of uptake of CO₂ (the biological pump) appears to be more efficient than during blooms of other organisms, as indicated by organic carbon to carbonate carbon (rain) ratios. Due to the seasonal alternation of diatom and non-diatom dominated exports, spatial variations of the annual mean rain ratios are hardly discernible along the main JGOFS transect.Data-based estimates of the annual mean impact of the biological pump on the fCO₂ in the surface water suggest that the biological pump reduces the increase of fCO₂ in the surface water caused by intrusion of CO₂-enriched subsurface water by 50–70%. The remaining 30 to 50% are attributed to CO₂ emissions into the atmosphere. Rain ratios up to 60% higher in river-influenced areas off Pakistan and in the Bay of Bengal than in the open Arabian Sea imply that riverine silica inputs can further enhance the impact of the biological pump on the fCO₂ in the surface water by supporting diatom blooms. Consequently, it is assumed that reduced river discharges caused by the damming of major rivers increase CO₂ emission by lowering silica inputs to the Arabian Sea; this mechanism probably operates in other regions of the world ocean also.  相似文献   

Several significant hydrographic characteristics and their formation mechanism in the South China Sea during the spring and summer of 1998   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

Xu Jianping  Chai Fei  Liu Zenghong  Zhu Bokang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2003,22(4):491-502

INTRODUCTIONTheSCSisthelargestmarginseainthewestoftheNorthPacificOcean .Theprevailingwindinwinterisnortheast,whileinsummeritissouthwest .Itisstilluncertainthathowthecirculationandtemperature -salinityfieldassociatewiththemonsoonforcingandaccompanywithseveralkindsofvariationsbeforeorafterthesummermonsoonburst .DuringSECMEXin 1 998,twointensiveobservationperiods (IOP)havebeencarriedoutntheSCS (Fig 1 ) :IOP1 ,from 1 0Aprilto 5May ;IOP2 ,from 1 2JunetoJuly 6 ,inordertounderstandthe…  相似文献   

两个同源地不同路径热带气旋的大尺度场对比分析     

舒锋敏  林良勋 《海洋预报》2007,24(4):102-108

本文利用NCEP/NCAR再分析格点资料,着重对8903号"BRENDA"和0601号"珍珠"两个同源地进入南海后不同路径的典型热带气旋的大尺度环境场进行对比分析。结果表明:西风槽的强弱和东移的快慢、西太平洋副高的形状变化和东退西进、冷空气的强弱和南下路径及热带气旋内部的不对称结构是造成二者移动路经差异的主要原因。另,印缅槽的变化也对其路径差异有一定的作用。  相似文献   

南海海温异常与ENSO的相关性   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

谭军  周发琇  胡敦欣  于慎余 《海洋与湖沼》1995,26(4):377-382

使用1958－1987COADS资料，应用复经验正交函数（CEOF）分析方法，分析南海海表面温度场（SST）和风场（u及v）。结果发现，南海海温异常基本独立于西太平洋，同时存在类似于ENSO事件的年际变化，ENSO发生前冬季南海有异常降温过程，之后有增暖事件发生。分析还表明，南海SST异常主要取决于经向风场的异常强迫。南海SST与ENSO事件的相关性实质上反映了季风异常对ENSO循环的影响。  相似文献   

吉林省主汛期典型多雨年和少雨年成因对比分析     

纪玲玲  杨雪艳  张婷  姜红霞  马树庆 《气象与环境学报》2013,29(3):42-47

将1951-2011年吉林省主汛期降水量排名的前、后6位分别定义为多、少雨年,利用NCEP（2.5°×2.5°）再分析资料计算主汛期平均高度场、温度场、风场及比湿、涡度等物理量场;根据天气学原理和常规天气预报经验,对比分析主汛期典型多雨与少雨天气系统结构形态、分布位置、中心强度等特征。结果表明：500 hPa多雨年568等高线较少雨年平均偏南3个纬度,副热带高压588等高线较少雨年平均偏西7个经度偏北1个纬度;低层辐合高层辐散是多雨年的重要特征;850 hPa和700 hPa平均水汽含量多雨年明显多于少雨年;典型多雨年850 hPa风场贝加尔湖附近为单辐合中心,少雨年为双辐合中心。  相似文献   

Upper- and Lower-tropospheric Circulation Anomalies Associated with Interannual Variation of Pakistan Rainfall during Summer     

Riyu LU  Saadia HINA  Xiaowei HONG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(11):1179-1190

This study investigated the large-scale circulation anomalies, in both the upper and lower troposphere, associated with the interannual variation of rainfall in Pakistan during summer, using the station observation data in this country and circulation data of the NCEP?NCAR reanalysis from 1981 to 2017. Results showed that the upper- and lower-tropospheric circulation anomalies associated with monthly rainfall variability exhibit similar features from June to August, so analyses were performed on June?August circulation and Pakistan rainfall data. The analyzed results indicated that summer rainfall in Pakistan is enhanced when there is an anticyclonic anomaly to the northwest of Pakistan in the upper troposphere and easterly anomalies along the southern foothills of the Himalayas in the lower troposphere, and vice versa. These upper- and lower-tropospheric circulation anomalies were found to be related, but show unique features. The upper-tropospheric anticyclonic anomaly is closely related to the Silk Road Pattern along the Asian westerly jet, while the lower-tropospheric easterly anomalies are related to the cyclonic anomaly to the south of Pakistan, i.e., intensified South Asian monsoon trough. The results presented here suggest that the interannual variability of summer rainfall in Pakistan is a combined result of upper- and lower-tropospheric circulation anomalies, and of extratropical and tropical circulation anomalies.  相似文献   

南支槽与孟加拉湾风暴结合对一次高原暴雪过程的影响   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

索渺清  丁一汇 《气象》2014,40(9):1033-1047

利用NCEP/NcAR逐6 h 1°×1°。再分析资料与常规和非常规观测资料,对2007年11月云南德钦高原暴雪产生的原因进行了研究,探讨南支槽与孟加拉湾风暴结合对高原东南部强烈天气的影响过程。结果表明:(1)在南支槽和孟加拉湾风暴结合的天气尺度条件下,槽前偏南风低空急流受高原大地形阻挡产生的高原切变线是高原暴雪的直接影响系统;(2)由于地形和冷空气的作用,上升运动向北倾斜使高原对流层中上层首先出现上升运动,整层上升运动在高原切变线和次级环流上升支的共同作用下强烈发展。孟加拉湾风暴北上与南支槽结合、高原切变线北移和风暴低压临近使德钦上升运动出现三次增强;(3)南支槽前偏南风低空急流向北输送水汽,部分水汽被抬升到高空,部分水汽绕过高原东南角向下游输送。高空水汽经高原上空沿着高空西风急流向下游远距离输送。高、低空水汽通道不重合往往会影响高原及其下游强降水落区的预报。受高空水汽输送影响,高原东南部纵向岭谷区具有高层大气最先增湿的特征,近地层水汽通量长时间强烈辐合有利于高原暴雪的形成;(4)上游冷空气沿南支西风到达孟加拉湾,促使南支槽加深和维持有利于引导盂加拉湾风暴北上,南支槽前偏南风低空急流把暖湿空气输送上高原,同时横槽转竖冷空气从高原南下,冷暖空气在德钦交汇形成强锋区也是暴雪产生的一个有利条件。(5)高原暴雪的锋区结构具有中纬度锋面天气特征,在暴雪发生的锋区附近,满足倾斜位涡发展和条件性对称不稳定。  相似文献